Nokkaelaimet
  • Blog
  • Lauma
  • Minä
  • Links

Helpon koiran siunaus

2/3/2021

2 Comments

 
Kuten monet, myös minä halusin nuorempana väellä ja väkisin tehdä kaikesta hankalaa. Tuli tärkeä olo, kun koki tekevänsä vaikeita juttuja ja omistavansa hankalia koiria. Kuitenkin, omistaessani oikeasti vaativia koiria nyt, voin naureskella nuorelle itselleni ja sille raivokkaalle tarmolle, jolla yritin selitellä itselleni poikiani haastavammaksi kuin mitä ne olivat. Kyllä, Kenraalimajuri oli ja on vieläkin haastava koira hermorakenteensa puolesta, mutta noin muuten ei ollenkaan. Haikalanen on aina ollut ihastuttavan rentouttava elämänkumppani.
Varsinkin nuorilla koiraharrastajilla on tapana tehdä asioista välillä turhan hankalia. Syyllistyin tähän itsekin, joten voin näin vuosia myöhemmin myöntää sen ja myös todeta näkeväni sitä toisissa. 

Koiranomistaminen on kilpavarustelua ja haastavan koiran kasvattamisesta voi lisätä sulan mentaaliseen hattuunsa. Niinpä koiraharrastajilla on tapana glorifioida vaikeutta ja hankaluutta ja tehdä ongelmia sinne, missä niitä ei todellisuudessa ole. Tämä on osaltaan tottumattomuutta, osaltaan antaa luvan olla silloin tällöin väsynyt ja lannistunut. Meidän tulisi olla armeliaampia itsellemme ja ymmärtää, että helponkin koiran kanssa on välillä vähän raskasta. Joskus on lupa todeta, että se vähäkin on tänään liikaa ja istua koko päivä katsomassa telkkaria ja syömässä lohturuokaa, kunhan koiran perustarpeista huolehditaan ja lusmuilu ei tule tavaksi.

Haastavuuden ihannointi johtaa helposti siihen, että hankitaan liian vaikeita koiria. Tämä voi osaltaan kannustaa käyttämään kyseenalaisia koulutusmetodeita, kun oma taitotaso ei yksinkertaisesti riitä. Helposti käy myös niin, ettei niistä mutkattomista arjen kavereista ja niiden kouluttamisesta tajua ottaa itselleen krediittiä, vaikka ehdottomasti pitäisi! Oli koira miten mutkaton tahansa, jokainen hyvin käyttäytyvä koira on kouluttaneelle syystäkin ilon, onnen ja ylpeyden aihe. Myös sillä helpolla koiralla voi olla tai sille voi kehittyä ongelma, ja se taas ei tarkoita automaattisesti sitä, että kouluttaja on surkimus. Takana voi olla vaikkapa trauma. Hyvin käyttäytyvästä koirasta saa ja siitä pitää olla ylpeä, oli sen rotu mikä tahansa. 

Vaivaton, helposti arjen rutiinit ja tavat oppiva koira tulisi nostaa arvostuksessa korkeammalle kuin missä se on nyt. Sen kanssa pääsee nopeasti nauttimaan siitä, mitä koiranomistaminen on parhaimmillaan!
Picture
Karem on aina ollut lupsakka, iloinen, touhukas ja ystävällinen otus, johon voi luottaa ja jonka kanssa voi nauttia koiranomistamisen parhaista puolista. Toki onhan se ollut onnettomuusaltis ja remmirähinäongelmankin kanssa painittiin parin koirahyökkäyksen jälkeen.

Sujuvaa ja stressitöntä

Haikalasen kanssa lenkkeily on sitä, mitä koiran kanssa ulkoileminen voi parhaimmillaan olla. Joskus Haikalanen voi pelästyä vastaantulevia, mutta jos tilanteet ennakoi ja pysyy itse rauhallisena, myös Haikalanen selviää ohituksesta nopeasti. Se ei vedä, muttei jumita. Se menee tasaista tahtia hihnanmitan edellä, kiskomatta, nuuhkii silloin tällöin ja tekee asiansa, muttei jää patsastelemaan. Sen kanssa voi uppoutua ihailemaan kevääseen heräävää luontoa tai tarkkailla pikkulintuja pajupusikossa. Sen kanssa voi pällistellä puroja ja hienoja kiviä ja maisemia, tai sen kanssa voi hölkätä rivakasti eteenpäin kunnonkohotusmielessä. 

Haikalanen ottaa kaikki ihmiset vastaan iloisesti. Se ei arkaile, ei ole vihainen, ei käyttäydy arvaamattomasti. Se ei tee itsestään numeroa vieraiden aikana, mutta tulee iloisena rapsuteltavaksi. 

Haikalanen on arjessa ihastuttavan mutkaton koira. 

Lumiprinsessa ja Sotaperuna ovat vaativia. Sotaperunan voimakas aggressio aiheuttaa erityisjärjestelyitä arkeen ja vaatii ahkeraa koulutusta ja treeniä pysyäkseen hallinnassa. Sillä on korkea energiataso ja se haluaa ja myös vaatii fyysistä ja psyykkistä haastamista. Lumiprinsessalla ei ole aggressiota, mutta se on aktiivinen ja touhukas koira, joka varsinkin nuorena tarvitsi roppakaupalla tekemistä ollakseen sisätiloissa ja lepohetkinä hallinnassa. 

Vaativan koiran kanssa pääsee haastamaan itsensä ja kehittyy kouluttajana. Monesti hyvä harrastuskoira on myös arjessa vaativampi kuin lupsakampi ja rennompi kaverinsa. Vaativan koiran kanssa voi arjestaan saada sujuvaa, mutta se ollatenkin VAATII vaivannäköä. Tästä syystä tulisikin aina kysyä itseltään, onko sille vaivannäölle aikaa? Onko siihen halua? Mukava, mutkaton rotu/koirayksilö antaa aivan yhtä paljon, mutta huomattavasti vähemmällä säätämisellä. Jos ei ole tahtoa eikä tarvetta nähdä vaivaa ja tehdä töitä, kannattaa koira valita se mielessä pitäen.
Picture
Ruhtinatar on myös ollut varsin ihastuttavan rento elinkumppani. Se on itsevarma, omanarvontuntoinen, tasapainoinen ja rauhallinen.

Jokaiselle omansa

Vaikkei mikään koira ole vaivaton eikä helppo sellaiselle, joka ei koiran kanssa halua elää, vihkiytyneelle koiraihmiselle löytyy roppakaupalla suhteellisen helposti koulutettavia rotu/koiravaihtoehtoja. On paljolti myös asenteesta kiinni, minkä näkee ongelmana. Nuoren uroskoiran törttöilyt kuuluvat yksilöstä ja perimästä riippumatta usein asiaan. Ei niistä kannata vääntää ongelmaa. Ne ovat täysin tyypillisiä nuoren uroskoiran sähläyksiä, joihin kannattaa suhtautua nimenomaan sellaisina eikä vaipua ahdistuksen ja ankeuden suohon ja vakuutella itselleen oman koiransa haastavuutta. Ongelmia ei kannata tehdä sinne, missä niitä ei ole. Se lisää stressiä sekä omistajalla että koiralla. 

Tulisuuden ja särmän vaaliminen on tärkeää silloin, kun koiran tyypillisesti tulee tällaisia piirteitä syystä tai toisesta ilmentää. Tällaisten piirteiden ihannoiminen ja niiden hakeminen silloin, kun etsinnässä on lupsakka ja helppo arjen seuralainen, on täysin turhaa. Myös maltillisella energiatasolla varustettu koira voi olla luonteikas arjen kaveri ja myös sen kanssa voi vaeltaa kilometritolkulla toreilla ja tuntureilla. Siihen tarkoitukseen ei kannata väellä ja väkisin etsiä sitä koiraa, jolla energiaa on kahmalokaupalla, jolla on voimakkaat vietit ja joka rotutyypillisesti suhtautuu asioihin varauksella. 

Arjessa helpolla ja mutkattomalla koiralla on sielua parantava vaikutus. Sitä ei tulisi koskaan väheksyä. Haastavakin koira parantaa toki sielua sellaisella ihmisellä, jolla on tarjota sen vaatimuksille sopiva koti. ​Meidän kannattaakin kysyä itseltämme, mitä me haemme, ja valita seuraksemme koira, joka hakee samaa. 
2 Comments

Positiveness is powerful

19/3/2018

0 Comments

 

Positive training methods have been widely adopted by many trainers around the world in the past years. This is partly because pets have gained a more important role in families and the demand of humane training methods is growing, but also because newest studies show positive methods have a striking effect on how fast and how eager the dog, or the human for that matter, is to learn.
​

Let's play a mind game. Imagine a leash around your neck, held by a massive creature that's as high as your house, speaking in odd tongue. There is no way for you to understand what the creature is saying, but it clearly wants something from you.

That's how it is for your dog. It is living in a world made for that big odd creature and the creature is expecting behavior that isn't always natural for the dog. Therefore the creature must teach the dog to behave like it wants it to behave.

I have talked about the process of learning earlier, and about how fear blocks learning. Therefore we don't go more into that, but talk about why positive methods are simply better and why certain tools and methods widely used in training based on negative reinforcement are not beneficial nor do they teach anything.
​

Learning doesn't happen on it's own


​Just a quick example once more to show you the problem with training by negative reinforcement only.

The most common negative reinforcement we all have probably come across and even used is teaching the dog not to pull on the leash by pulling the leash.

Even writing that is contradictory.

How do you make the dog walk nicely by pulling and tugging on the leash? Why does the method ”work”? Well, the basic idea is pulling on the leash leads to nasty tugging and it learns to avoid pulling because it feels bad. It doesn't learn to walk nicely on the leash. Instead of learning to walk good because it knows it is expected to walk calmly on the leash, it only learns to avoid certain behavior, in this case pulling. This means for example that teaching it to work with you in canicross later can be terribly hard, because pulling has been a negative thing in the past. And if you teach the dog it is OK to pull in canicross, it may start to pull during normal walks, too, because it learns pulling, that has once led to nasty things, doesn't lead to them anymore.

Only that it does.

”Wait a minute. Why can I pull sometimes, and sometimes I can't?”

The idea of modern positive training is to train the dog to do the right thing, and this means the dog has to understand what is expected. It can't learn a behavior if it is not taught the behavior. Because of this methods like above are not encouraged, because they don't teach the dog any new way of behaving, they only simply try to make it avoid certain action. Obviously this method leads to a similar behavior with positive methods; the dog doesn't pull. It just doesn't really learn anything new either, and the negative stigma of pulling can interfere with possible future hobbies.

I admit I have taught my older dogs to walk on the leash by tugging the leash. This is exactly why I know it is a bad method. Teaching them to work with me in canicross was hard, because pulling had a terribly negative image in their head. I had to teach them to walk nicely with me again, with positive methods, only so that I could encourage them to pull while we do canicross. I had skipped training them to walk nicely on leash, I had only taught them that pulling leads to nasty tugging.

With my girls I used stopping when they pulled. I called them beside me or gently tugged the leash to get their attention, and we continued while they had returned to my side. This way they learned that fun stops when they pull, but also that fun continues when they walk nicely. They got treats for getting back to me, and they were far more eager to return to my side when I stopped than my boys had been in the past.

I admit I still did tug on the leash several times because the wrong way is imprinted in my brain. I did it no matter I knew it was wrong. Teaching myself to be more positive has been as hard as correcting the twisted behavior I caused with negative training in the past, because unfortunately many of the negative methods lead to results. They just do it in a way that is not beneficial for any later learning process nor to our relationship with the dog.

It takes time


It took you months to potty train and it takes us the total of several YEARS to learn the basics of what a human being must learn to function in this society. Just remember that when you start teaching the dog something and expect it to master it in a week.

Many times people justify their usage or harmful tools by saying they lead to fast results. That is right, but only partially; dogs learn to avoid things pretty quickly. It is a trait any animal, even us, have. We try to save ourselves from nasty and painful things, and electric shocks or pinches on our throat or squishing our trachea are all to be considered not so pleasant things to feel. However, they also learn to connect the nasty thing with the tool and many dogs that have been forced to use E-collar or choke chains or prong collars need to wear the tool every time when they are to be under 100% control. Otherwise they would not act trustworthy. This alone proves that they have not exactly learned to behave in certain way, they have only learned that while wearing the tool they need to avoid certain behavior, because then the tool does not hurt them.

They have learned no new behavior. They have not been trained. And if they are trained, then the usage of those tools is completely in vain. They are not needed. What is needed is time, because learning takes time. We can't justify unpleasant feelings or pain or danger with our own will to have the dog behave correctly fast. ​

Learning to learn


​Teaching the dog to continuoisly avoid things to save it from unpleasant things leads to apathy.

Learning is based on offering new behavior and being praised about the right one. This is exactly the same with people and with dogs. In school we praise the children from doing the right thing, managing to find the result to a problem, not scold them from making a mistake that leads to a wrong answer.

Think about it; would you rather try to learn what the building-tall creature wants you to do when it gave you rewards, or when it punishes you if you accidentally offer the wrong behavior? Wouldn't the latter lead to sitting completely still, because while not getting rewarded, at least you don't get punished from doing wrong either? That is what happens with dogs. Dogs that are trained with punishment are not good at learning, because learning is a skill that gets the better the more you work on it. Dogs, as well as people, can learn to learn. While many people use both punsihment from the wrong and praise from the right action, the fear of punishment can interfere with the learning even if the right kind of behavior means rewards.

When the fear is let out, we as trainers are still in need of motivation for our student. Something to kickstart the will to learn now that it is made safe and offering new behavior only leads to positive outcome.

Some dogs are harder to motivate than others. The key is to find what motivates the individual the best. While fear blocks learning, reward encourages it. For us people the salary we get from our work motivates us to work. If we do things for free, the reward is not material but emotional. Either way, we work and in general we do things to benefit from it. Once more, dogs are exactly the same. While we are motivated by the change of buying a new car or a nice new pair of Phantom Of The Opera shoes (I'd do wonders to get one of those), dogs are usually easier and most are happy with a treat or a toy.

Some individuals, like many afghans, might need you to work harder to find their non-existent motivation. It is pretty safe to say, however, that every dog is motivated by something.

A success story


​In the end I'd like to share with you a success story that hopefully helps to understand the power of positive training as well as shows that all negative things mentioned above caused by punishment really are true.

I have talked with this one young trainer I met in a web community we both belong to. She has been struggling in the past to find a proper trainer to help training her young, strong, energetic dog, and during her journey she came across many different styles of training.

”We told her our situation that [the dog] barks, lunges at every single moving thing, and that we cant take her to walks anymore, so she said I have to 'dominate' [the dog] and to show her her place.. we were never allowed toy rewards, just treats. The trainer suggested many people to use choke chains. She even said that they're better than prongs. So, whenever [the dog] tugged on leash, she said to pull her hard back with the chain and use strict tone.”

The person told me that they were told to use excessive force, and the trainer they went to even made the dog yelp by tugging her leash so hard. She said it felt bad to see, but since this person was said to be a professional trainer, they continued training their dog with the given instructions.

”This method damaged [the dog] heel so bad she saw ''heel'' command as a very negative thing, meaning whenever she doesn't do what humans want, she gets a hard pull on her neck.”

This is sadly a very common outcome with punishment. Dogs that have been trained with violence and force tend to act very tense and submissive when they perform, due to the negative impact the punishing has on the command. They don't work out from eager to be rewarded, but out from fear, and this often leads to stiff and untrustworthy performance.

”Since then we found the new trainer. The first times we only had individual sessions, as [the dog] couldn't focus at all around people and dogs. She (the trainer) immediatly saw our situation and what made [the dog] nerveous. She needed time to get used to the new training place, and even when we first met, [the dog] barked and snapped at the trainer, seeing her as a threat. So, she gave us many useful tips. Our previous trainer didn't even teach how to hold a treat in hand properly.
The trainer knew we had to fix our damaged heel command. We had to completely train [the dog] from the start, the new command being ''fus''. I was so happy now, because soon we stopped using the choke collar and only had positive training with treats and lots of play.” - ”We went to her many times and she gave us constant homework we had to do at home. Now that we used treats and toys and no choke collar, [the dog] didn't ignore me as she did before. We had more walks and she was looking at me more than before, because correct behavior meant big reward coming. She was happy to work with me since I didn't cause her any pain.

We have worked with positive training to the point I don't have to hold the leash anymore when we're walking. She has great recall, we can even pass people and bikes calmly without her snapping or barking because there was no tension on the leash. She is now free of the pulling and pain, which before seemed almost impossible, really. I didnt know that only such simple things can make her this happy to work with me and respond quickly.

Now, after a year since we went to the positive trainer, we can work in group sessions with many other people and dogs.

And really, all we needed was patience, time and effort.”

Inspirational, don't you think? 

Do you have any positive success stories? Share yours in comments and pass the kindness on!

Picture
Mr. Hyperactivity likes happy and positive things. Be like him.
0 Comments

Violence is not training

18/3/2018

0 Comments

 

There are several reasons on why hitting your dog is not only unnecessary but also just plain dumb. Even so, many people admit doing so. In most cases it is used as a punishment for some action already passed, like launching on the leash or disobeying a command. Sometimes people explain hitting is necessary if the dog acts uncontrolled, to show ”who's the boss”. 
​

First of all, let's clear out something. When I talk about hitting, I am not meaning gentle taps on the nose or little slaps on the neck. Small things like this don't hurt nor do they scare the dog (unless it's one of those you can't touch without causing stress. In those cases, even gentle tappings cause negative effects, so they are to be avoided). When I talk about hitting, I talk about using extensive physical force to correct the dog or stop a behavior WITH that force, or punishing the dog from disobeying WITH force. Whenever we use physical force as a main source of punishment, not as a reminder of looking at the handler (”Hey, I am here!”- kind of gentle taps) or holding the dog in place (grabbing a hold when the dog jumps against, for example), we are weakening our position as a trustworthy companion.

Excessive submission is not ”being sorry and asking forgiveness so mommy/daddy is not mad”, it is fear. Unfortunately very many people, even after being explained that, still insist their dog is ”knowing it did wrong”, not being fearful.

Submission after being punished with physical force is not shame. It is fear, and everyone who has studied dogs and their behavior agrees. Whenever dogs correct each other with teeth, they do it WHEN the other dog is acting up, not AFTERWARDS. If dogs correct, if one can say so, afterwards, they are usually tense dogs and nervous dogs that get worked up and remain in aggressive, nervous state. Later, that nervousness erupts as aggressive behavior. We as human beings that have given ourself the right to own a dog should be above primitive stress reactions such as blindly punishing an animal from an action that has already passed. It trains the dog nothing but to fear us. They may work out of fear, true, but stop calling it training. It is violence.

Submissive behavior after being hit often includes extensive tail wagging, lowered posture and ears against the head, possible licking of face or dog's own lips and ”being friendly”. Dogs use these gestures to lower the aggression of the other part and to show they are not a threat. It has nothing to do with being sorry about misbehaving, and therefore hitting is not training. If the dog behaves afterwards, it is not because of training but because of remembering it got attacked by it's owner earlier. In many cases the dog is also getting a completely wrong message; it gets punished when it does the right thing and gets back to it's owner's reach. There is hardly any sense in that.

Not so fun fact is, only dogs that are prone to search human advice and have a will to please submit after being hit. Hard headed dogs that have no will to please often attack back or start to act aggressive and tense themselves. Many people using physical force claim their dogs ”need” that or that their dogs ”can take it”. They take it because they want to work with their owner and they are submissive enough not to fight back. Try that attitude with a strong breed, like a livestock guardian, and you'll lose an arm.

Train your dogs. Violence is a bad option when trying to build a relationship. 
​
0 Comments

Shock therapy

9/12/2017

0 Comments

 

E-collars, short for electric collars, and prong and choke collars are widely used by dog owners and trainers in many countries. Most significantly they are used in America. In some parts of the world they are forbidden and considered animal abuse, their use being restricted by the animal welfare laws. What are these tools, why are they used, what do they cause and most importantly, why every trainer and owner should keep as far of them as they can?

What are these tools?

E-collars are collars that are supposed to shock the dog when it performs an undesired action or does not perform the desired action. They are sometimes used for punishment, but more frequently these days as a sort of a way to tell the dog whatever it is doing or not doing is not desired and it should change it's ways. They are based on negative feedback and negative reinforcement, causing an unpleasant sensation to either stop the action or punish from it. By my experience most people use them with a remote, trying to maintain their control of the dog when the dog is off leash. 

A prong collars is a collar that has blunt edge "spikes" inside the collar tightening around the dog's neck and causing an unpleasant sensation when it pulls or when the collar is pulled by a human. They are mostly used to maintain control of the dog when it otherwise does not respond. 

The key word in both descriptions is control. Amusingly, these tools that are used to control the dog don't actually teach the dog anything nor do they provide any real control, as control is achieved through training and does not depend on which tools the dog is wearing in that particular moment. True, many trainers and owners use them along with training, in which case it is to be considered the trainer or owner does not have the needed abilities to otherwise control their dog and hence has to rely in discomfort as some sort of reinforcement of one's authority.

There are many tools in dog world that are supposed to help controlling the dog in case it is big and because of some reason does not listen. Having worked with a dominant, aloof dog that has a strong will to fight my authority, I refuse to think a grown up adult needs tools based on pain or discomfort to get the wanted results. Usually there are several options to maintain physical control during the time of training. It's based on one's own ethics whether or not they have will or time to work with those tools. As it is with any learning, getting rid of an unwanted behavior or teaching a new way to act takes time. Using pain and discomfort works with some dogs (not with all, which is also one reason to avoid such tools) and it provides fast results, but there are ways to control the dog (no-pull harnesses, muzzles, long leads...) during the training without having to rely on extremes. Also, keeping oneself away from tools that restrict the dog with pain also forces one to actually TRAIN the dog and CHANGE the behavior through learning, not only through restricting. It is sadly very common that trainers who use questionable tools don't train the dog enough to work without those tools. As soon as they are removed, the dog gets back to it's old habits, indicating it hasn't actually learned anything but to avoid certain actions when it's wearing a certain collar. 

Why to avoid them?

Many people who use E-collars and prong collars explain they use positive reinforcement only when they train the dog. They separate the behavior of the dog, such as walking properly on leash, listening to commands off-leash and behaving in public, and tricks such as give paw, sit, stay. The problem here is that this kind on thinking assumes the so called "good behavior" is something the dog already knows and chooses not to perform. It is not taught how to behave, it is just punished from the false behavior, usually something that is very natural to it. The madness of this concept is best explained with a following matter; would you have learned to read if you had been punished from laying on your bed? The good behavior is to be taught the same way as any trick is, and if one already knows positive reinforcement is scientifically proved to be the best way to teach, why would one use an E-collar or prong collar? Why not when teaching tricks, if with teaching behavior? After all, in both situations we talk about the process of learning.

​In a study back in 2014 the researchers reported an increase of behavior connected with stress when using E-collars in training. The dogs in a group training with E-collars were showing significant signs of being stressed and tense, whilst in the other groups such behavior was reported far less frequently. Same kind of results were found in yet another study back in 2003, where groups of working dogs were trained with and without the shock collar. In the first study there was an increase in cortisol (the "stress hormone") levels reported as well, though this was not confirmed to be significant later on when studying a larger group. There are other articles, then again, indicating there might be cellular and hormonal changes due to the usage of shock collars, and that being shocked repeatedly may weaken the vertebra on the neck as well as cause damage on the throat. 

Prong collars and choke collars can cause severe damage on the dog when it launches. Even if they are "used correctly" there is a possibility these tools may cause severe pain and actual damage, thus the need of using them should be questioned. It is a known fact the effect of these tools is based on the fact they feel uncomfortable on the neck. They are supposed to, because they are supposed to restrict the dog from performing an undesired action, such as pulling on the leash. If the dog, however, does, even the correctly placed collar will tighten up and that may cause damage to throat or vertebra. This possibility is the greater the bigger and more stubborn the dog is. Obviously there are trainers saying prong collars and choke collars can be used perfectly safe, but how is that possible when the effect of the tool is based on the same exact reason they should be banned - they cause unnatural pinch and/or strangle the dog? Out of these two, choke collars cause more damage than correctly used prong collars, but even correctly used prong collars may lead to problems if the dog manages to pull so hard the blunt spikes break the skin or pinch too hard. It is also a tool that WILL hurt the dog if not used in the exact way it is supposed to be used. 

fast results or ethic training?

There is no fast lane to success. Learning is a process that takes time. Even if the dog can learn to avoid discomfort and pain faster that it learns to work for it's food in desired ways, it is possible to train the dog both fast and humanely. This requires skill and determination, and as any learning, repeats and time. Using pain or discomfort because of the lack of skill is a poor excuse for any trainer. Wanting to achieve fast results with minimal effort is also a poor excuse. A dog needs time, and if one does not have time, one does not get a dog. Laziness should not be considered as a justification to use controversial training methods.  

There are some ways to avoid the need of making hard decisions, too. Not so long ago I was told by an owner of a hunting breed that the E-collar has saved the dog's life many times, stopping it from running on the road. This leads me asking why the dog is kept off leash in such dangerous area? Hunting breeds are known to be challenging considering recall, so one should always make sure the place you let your dog off leash is as safe as possible. One should also work on the recall as much as one just can, so the dog is less likely to wander off. 

Scenery above is a good example of using a controversial tool because of the lack of skill, and in this case, a lack of knowledge as well.

It is said we should "agree to disagree", but considering using harmful methods in training I refuse to do so. There have been enough studies and scientific proof showing teaching the dog by using positive reinforcement is the most effective way of training, that we can safely say using controversial training methods and tools is not needed. The fact some trainers still use them because of the lack of skill and understanding is not to be taken as justification. Also, these tools working on some dogs is not a proof they are to be considered good ways to train. We have so many other options, more humane and as effective, that there should not be any need to risk your dog. 
0 Comments

Training tools – what to use and what to avoid

12/6/2017

0 Comments

 

Let's talk about the process of learning first.

Learning is something that happens whether we like or not. It is essential for any living being that has to react to it's surroundings or interact with other beings, may them be of the same species or not. Learning is evolution's way of trying to keep us alive.

When we, or any other being, learn, we connect certain things together. When you touch fire, it burns. You will learn to avoid touching the fire to prevent getting burned. When we learn to read, we learn meanings of small individual markings first. We connect them together until we manage to read. We learn to read because it is beneficial for us. It leads to better understanding of our surroundings as well as earns us a praise. For a child, or for a dog, a praise itself can work as a motivation. The benefit they gain is affection and appreciation that leads to satisfaction.

So, learning is connecting things together because of benefit. We either learn to avoid certain things to spare us from something nasty or we learn to do something or remember something to gain a prize, whatever that prize way be. The most important thing to remember is that in order to learn one must do things. A passive being does not learn.
​

​Negative and positive reinforcement

These terms are often used when talking about training. They both aim for teaching the dog a certain habit, a certain way to act. Negative reinforcement uses punishment of some sort to show the dog what it does is wrong. It creates something nasty or unpleasant or frustrating that teaches the dog it must avoid certain way of behaving in order to prevent the nasty thing from happening. Positive reinforcing will praise the dog when it does right and teach the dog doing something or stopping from doing something gains it a prize.

Both these types of reinforcing work, but positive reinforcement is proven to be more effecting when teaching a new way to behave, whilst negative reinforcement works mostly when the dog must stop a certain learned habit. Using negative reinforcement can cause apathy, and a dog that does not work and try in order to see what it's expected to do can't learn. Fear blocks learning. That is why a dog should never be afraid of punishment, surroundings or anything around when trained. It must be comfortable and calm enough to concentrate.

Negative reinforcement is something to be used with caution and never by inexperienced handler who doesn't know what to do. Then again, no dog can go through it's life without facing negative reinforcement. When the pup tugs in a leash and hurts it's neck, it learns by negative reinforcement that one should not speed around when leashed (or then it doesn't, and continues doing it for the delight of the desperate owner). When the handler must hold the dog in place to calm it down, it learns by negative reinforcement acting like crazy will cause holding it down. By avoiding too rough play it gains freedom.

No matter negative reinforcement has it's place and time, for the reasons listed above it's something to be very cautios about when teaching the dog something. Negative reinforcement trusts in the dog. It is based solemnly in the process of trial and error, learning what is wrong, but it does not TEACH. Learning can happen without teaching, but you can't teach the dog by punishing it from something it does. In order to teach you must use positive reinforcement. Teaching is taking the pupil towards the target by giving it cues and tips and praising it from it's efforts. Teaching is telling ”now you are doing right. Do it again”.  

tools to avoid

When trying to raise a dog to behave like a modern dog citizen should, one often stumbless across different training tools. Some of these tools, however, have nothing to do with actual training. They are tools that are supposed to punish the dog from doing something, and they trust in the dog understanding to avoid certain habits it gets punished from.

E-collar is a tool that gives the dog an electric shock when it does something not desired. It may be used to shock the dog when it leaves the area or it may be used when the dog barks. The collar will first make a beeping sound and then shock if the dog continues doing undesired things. This does in some cases cause results, but those results are not based on training the dog. They are based on letting the dog get hurt by the collar until it either learns what to avoid or will learn to stay completely still and silent because it is afraid of another shock. E-collars cause pain, they can cause fear and anxiety and their use is forbidden in many countries by the law. Dogs that have been wearing E-collars also suffer from apathy more than often. Apathy is a state where the dog does nothing, because doing nothing for certainty doesn't hurt it. After all, dogs usually don't connect the pain to for example a bark. They may connect the pain to entering a certain room, or moving, or panting. Whatever the dog sees, smells or hears during the shock may be connecter to the shock rather than the actual reason, for example leaving the yard.

Spray collars are much like E-collars, but they stray scent or air when the dog performs unwanted tasks. No matter they don't hurt the dog, softer dogs can become skittish because of them. There is also a risk for the dog connecting the spray to something completely different than it was meant to. If it happens to bark to the neighbor and gets sprayed, it may as well connect the neighbor to the spray and start to dislike the sight of the neighbor. Spray collars are sometimes used as last resorts to dogs that keep barking indoors, but the results they provide wary from success to an even worse problem.

Prong collar is a collar of metal, usually, that has blunt edge spokes in it. Whenever the dog oulls, the spikes press against it's skin, causing discomfort and it some cases where the dog launches in the leash for one reason or another, even serious injuries. Just like E-collars and spray collars, prong collars do not teach the dog to walk nicely. They teach the dog pulling hurts. That may give results, but one must think how the results were obtained. Dogs also tend to connect hurting with the collar and once the collar is removed, the dog walking nicely beside the owner may be all over the place all of a sudden. It was taught nothing. It still doesn't know how to walk properly in the leash. It just knows not to pull when the prong collar is on. Just like shock collars, prong collars are also forbidden in many countries.

borderline tools

Many anti-pulling harnesses or muzzle collars make the pulling uncomfortable for the dog. They don't hurt, but they feel odd and the dog finds it easier to move, and more pleasant to move, when it doesnät pull. These tools used alone without any kind of training often produce the same result as the prong collar – the dog keeps pulling as soon as the harness is gone.

To avoid this, tools like this require the dog also being praised from good behavior. This way it does not only learn not to pull when the harness is on but that it is expected to walk nicely with a loose leash.

Tools like these are tools that are supposed to help with controlling the dog while teaching it to behave properly. If the dog is large and it may cause problems with pulling during the training, it is better to use good anti-pull harnesses than risk the owner getting seriously injured when his 78kg mastiff decided it wants to go full speed over the street to greet a yorkie.  
​

good tools

Treats and toys.

Seriously. Find what motivated your dog, or any animal for that matter, and use that in teaching. Praise good behavior and coach the dog towards something you want it to do. Praise it when it does right. Treat it with food or a moment of play. Positive reinforcement in the fastes and also most long lasting of teaching methods. Dogs are selfish things that do whatever benefits them and causes them pleasure. It is faster and more effocoent to praise good behavior than just plain punishing from wrong.

A properly timed punishment or command is also a good tool. One must of course remember the dog should never be hurt, but in most cases things don't go as they go in books. You can turn your back to a bouncing chihuahua, but I don't recommend it with a pyrenean. You must make the dog stop it's harmful behavior and if it doesn't respond to a high sound, for example, and you can't leave it on it's own, you must gain control. In many cases this means physically touching the dog, holding it in place, preventing it from acting idiotic and scolding it.

Dogs do need discipline. There are dogs you don't ever need to punish or scold, and dogs that need it all the time specially when they are young. See what your dog can handle and never cross the line. Discipline should not hurt. Pain or fear caused by the owner results in losing trust. With dominant, hard dogs it can also be potentially dangerous as they may answer to pain with force and what started as a play will turn into a fight. Never fight with your dog. You are a human being, and the dog knows it. We do not need our teeth to gain authority. You can't win a dane in fight if the dane decides to fight you. So don't make it. Control it, be an authority, but don't become an enemy. Pain creates an enemy.  
​

Those who leave omelas

Dogs are in many ways like us people when it comes to learning. They do things that benefit them and avoid things that don't or that cause them harm. They are usually curious and they may do things that are perfectly normal to a dog yet highly disliked by us people. In moments like that teaching the dog a new way to behave requires knowing the dog you work with, knowing what motivates it and knowing why it does what it does. Dogging a hole in the garden is fun for the dog, it gets rewarded by it's own mind when it digs a hole. To make it stop one must not only make digging the hole more unpleasant than pleasant (scolding) but also offer something else to do. That way it doesn't only get told digging a hole is wrong but that doing something else is actually more beneficial.

In the end there are many tools in the dog world that work, but one must ask oneself with what cost do they work and if they actually teach the dog anything. There is no fastlane to a perfectly trained dog, unfortunately. It may feel tempting to use some tool that promises fast results, but ask yourself at what cost does it provide those results and if there is a possibility it actually makes the problem worse or even creates a new problem.

We expect pretty much from our dogs. Just remember, when you were 12 months old, you could hardly form words and communicate with your parents and you still pooped your pants. No matter the dog develops faster, there is only so much you can learn in a short period of time.

Give time. Give opportunities. Raise your dog so it wants to try new things and please you rather than lay down afraid of another shock of pain.   
0 Comments

    Mistä on kyse?

    Koko elämänsä koiria harrastaneen raakaruokintafriikin ajatuksia, pohdintoja ja elämää koiralauman kanssa.

    Seuraa meitä
    ​INSTAGRAM
    Päivitämme säännöllisen epäsäännöllisesti myös Facebookiin.
    Picture
    Sponsored by
    ​Eläintarvikeliike Hauvari
    www.hauvari.fi

    Historia

    June 2022
    October 2021
    September 2021
    August 2021
    July 2021
    June 2021
    May 2021
    April 2021
    March 2021
    February 2021
    January 2021
    December 2020
    August 2019
    January 2019
    November 2018
    October 2018
    September 2018
    July 2018
    June 2018
    May 2018
    April 2018
    March 2018
    February 2018
    January 2018
    December 2017
    June 2017
    August 2016
    May 2016
    February 2016
    August 2015

    Kategoriat

    All
    Development
    Elekieli
    Exercise
    Feeding
    Health
    Koiranlukutaito
    Koirarodut
    Learning
    Näyttelyt
    Negative Reinforcement
    Oppiminen
    Positiivinen Vahvistaminen
    Positiivisuus
    Positive Reinforcement
    Rodunomaisuus
    Rodut
    Shows
    Training

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.
  • Blog
  • Lauma
  • Minä
  • Links